Emotional Support Dog Requirements

Emotional Support Dog Requirements - ServiceDogCertifications

Are you confused by emotional support dog requirements? You’re not alone. There is a lot of information on this important subject, some of which is misleading or just plain false. 

If you want to legally designate your dog as an emotional support animal (ESA), you need to understand all of the various federal and state rules and regulations, which can get complicated. That’s why our ESA experts have done the work of studying these requirements and explaining them to you in simple terms in this guide. 

Emotional Support Dog Document Requirements 

The required document you need so you can legally call your dog an emotional support animal is an ESA letter. The most important person in this process is a mental health professional — someone like a therapist or counselor who understands how your animal helps your mental health. 

An ESA letter is required to have a few things according to HUD guidelines, like your mental health professional’s signature, license number and contact information. In the letter, your provider will explain that you’re dealing with a mental health condition and that your emotional support animal is part of how you manage it. The letter also needs the date, since these letters are like milk — they have an expiration date. Usually, you’ll need a new one each year. 

So why is this letter required at all? It’s because, under ESA laws, you need to share one with your landlord if you want to live with your emotional support dog in “no pets” housing. You also need an ESA letter if you’re requesting a waiver of pet fees and deposits. An ESA letter is what you should be most concerned about if you want an emotional support animal — it is the only document your landlord can ask for as proof of your dog’s ESA status. 

Emotional support dog with woman handler at home
Emotional support dogs can live in “no-pets” apartments and condos without being charged extra fees.

Emotional Support Dog Training Requirements

ESAs don’t require special training, they serve their purpose simply by being themselves — through their natural ability to provide comfort, companionship, and emotional stability to their owners. Your ESA might naturally help reduce your anxiety just by hanging out with you or giving you a reason to get up in the morning, but they don’t need special training to do this. It’s their presence and the bond you share that provides the therapeutic benefit.

Psychiatric service dogs, on the other hand, work in a fundamentally different way under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). These dogs must undergo specialized training to perform tasks that directly help with their handler’s disability. For example, a service dog might be trained to detect oncoming seizures or perform deep pressure therapy for panic attacks. 

To better understand this difference, consider how these animals help their owners in different situations. An emotional support dog might naturally lie next to their owner during an anxiety attack, providing emotional comfort through their calming presence. In contrast, a psychiatric service dog would be specifically trained to recognize signs of an impending anxiety attack and perform specific actions like creating space around their handler in crowded areas or leading them to a quiet place — actions that require extensive training to perfect.

While ESAs do not need any specialized training, they should still be well-behaved and under control at all times. A landlord can kick out an emotional support dog if it is acting in an unsafe or destructive manner.

Emotional Support Dog ID Card and Registration Requirements

The legal requirements for ESA registration are straightforward: you don’t need to register your emotional support dog anywhere, either with federal or state agencies. You also don’t need any type of special ID card to prove you have an ESA. You can, however, still choose to register your emotional support animal with us and get accessories like a linked ID card and tags. 

You may wonder why ESA owners register their ESAs and get ID cards even if they don’t have to. There are practical reasons for doing it: these visual markers can help smooth daily interactions, especially in places that typically have “no pets allowed” policies like your building lobby. They notify staff and other tenants that a legally protected assistance animal accompanies you. However, remember that your landlord can insist on seeing your ESA letter but not any other form of documentation.

Frequently Asked Questions about Emotional Support Dog Requirements

1. Does my health condition meet the requirements for an emotional support dog?

Emotional Support Dog
Emotional support dogs help people with depression, PTSD, anxiety, and more.

You can qualify for an emotional support dog if you have an emotional or mental illness(es) that can be considered a disability, which means that your condition is so severe that it significantly limits your ability to do everyday tasks. These are some common conditions that healthcare professionals write ESA letters for:

  • Attention deficit disorder (ADD)
  • Learning disorders
  • Autism
  • Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
  • Gender dysphoria
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Cognitive disorders
  • Depression
  • Severe anxiety
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Your therapist, doctor, or social worker can evaluate your condition and then decide whether it’s appropriate to recommend an emotional support dog. 

2. Are there breed or weight requirements for emotional support dogs?

There are no height, breed, or weight requirements for emotional support animals, including dogs, and landlords, HOAs, co-ops, and other housing providers cannot discriminate based on these traits. This rule even protects breeds that are commonly discriminated against, such as Pit Bulls or Dobermans. You can even have more than one emotional support animal if your therapist recommends it.

There is a requirement, however, that your dog does not pose any sort of health or safety threat to other tenants and can comfortably be in your living space. 

3. What are the requirements to fly with an emotional support dog?

Unfortunately, due to the latest Air Carrier Access Act regulations, emotional support dogs no longer have flying privileges in the U.S. That means your emotional support dog will be treated as a normal pet and subject to your airline’s pet policies and pet fees. However, you can still fly with a service dog and board the cabin free of charge. 

Emotional Support Dogs Work

If you believe you or a loved one may benefit from an ESD, don’t hesitate to make an appointment with your mental health professional to start the process. 

If you do not have access to a healthcare professional or are intimidated by the idea of reaching out for help, consider using an online service to get your ESA letter. ESA rules specifically allow for remote online providers to write ESA letters, so your letter will be just as valid as one obtained in person.

How to get an ESA letter - Infographic - ServiceDogCertifications

Get Your ESA Letter

About the Author: The writing team at Service Dog Certifications is made up of folks who really know their stuff when it comes to disability laws and assistance animals. Many of our writers and editors have service dogs themselves and share insights from their own experiences. All of us have a passion for disability rights and animals.

218 comments

  1. lavina hillmn says: February 14, 2019
    • Laura Burkart says: February 15, 2019
    • Stephanie D Sheets says: October 13, 2019
    • LYSSA says: March 5, 2020
    • Taylor says: April 23, 2020
    • Sally Riley says: August 17, 2019
    • Bruce Hill says: November 1, 2019
    • Heather M Atwood says: December 18, 2019
    • Paige says: January 19, 2020
    • Lauren Ormsby says: April 27, 2020
    • emily says: July 18, 2020
    • Kaidyn says: June 25, 2020
    • Nikki says: June 25, 2020
    • Peter says: March 16, 2021
    • Emma says: March 6, 2019
    • Abigail Rosenthal says: May 4, 2019
    • Grace says: June 28, 2019
    • Madison says: October 16, 2019
    • Deb says: June 6, 2020
    • Service Dog Certifications says: March 2, 2019
    • Linda says: August 18, 2019
    • Peter says: May 6, 2021
    • Elizabeth says: September 18, 2019
    • Peter says: December 16, 2019
    • Penelope says: April 18, 2019
    • Austin says: October 16, 2019
    • Lilyanne Berning says: July 3, 2019
    • Carolyn says: July 16, 2019
  2. Luke A. Holland says: March 4, 2019
    • Caitlyn says: March 28, 2019
    • Penelope says: April 18, 2019
    • Camilla Clark says: June 28, 2019
    • Wendi says: August 4, 2019
    • Kez says: June 18, 2020
    • Javier says: July 18, 2020
    • Peter says: July 27, 2020
    • Dawn Orlando says: March 24, 2019
    • Penelope says: April 18, 2019
    • Faith Brock says: June 6, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  3. Anne Marie Driver says: March 7, 2019
    • Penelope says: April 18, 2019
    • Mary says: July 7, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  4. Bob kohls says: March 14, 2019
    • Emily says: March 31, 2019
  5. Michael Landis says: March 15, 2019
    • Mia says: June 15, 2019
    • Mebfozzie says: August 21, 2019
  6. Malik says: March 22, 2019
    • servicedog says: March 23, 2019
  7. Lis says: March 23, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  8. Maria L says: April 24, 2019
  9. Gareth Behr says: April 25, 2019
    • Mia says: June 15, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  10. Monica says: April 26, 2019
  11. Kaitlyn says: April 28, 2019
    • Mia says: June 15, 2019
  12. Tony Marsh says: May 7, 2019
    • Jezebel Jack says: May 25, 2019
    • Ya-Ya says: May 28, 2019
    • Marc says: June 14, 2019
    • Mia says: June 15, 2019
    • Ross says: June 16, 2019
    • Mary E Scott says: November 27, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  13. Zulay Gallagher says: June 10, 2019
  14. Kayla says: June 10, 2019
  15. Z.B says: June 20, 2019
  16. Grace says: June 28, 2019
  17. Zsanetta says: July 19, 2019
    • Kathy says: November 23, 2019
    • Peter says: December 8, 2019
  18. Anna says: July 30, 2019
  19. Olivia says: August 8, 2019
  20. Megan says: August 19, 2019
    • Peter says: September 7, 2021
  21. Christina Trujillo says: October 20, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  22. Jessie Rice says: November 15, 2019
    • Kristen says: February 12, 2020
    • Peter says: October 5, 2020
  23. Joe Smith says: December 27, 2019
    • Taylor T says: July 21, 2020
  24. RANDEE SCHILLER says: February 10, 2020
  25. thomas says: February 29, 2020
  26. Jessica says: March 10, 2020
    • Peter says: July 27, 2020
  27. Kym says: April 2, 2020
    • Julia says: July 30, 2020
    • Peter says: October 14, 2020
  28. Carly says: May 18, 2020
  29. Elaina says: July 11, 2020
    • Clayton Patterson says: September 1, 2020
  30. Emily Gonzalez says: July 24, 2020
  31. April says: August 19, 2020
  32. Margaret Moore says: August 21, 2020
    • Robert Meyers says: October 30, 2020
    • Peter says: March 7, 2021
    • Adele says: December 12, 2020
    • Peter says: December 18, 2020
    • Trinity says: December 15, 2020
    • Peter says: December 18, 2020
    • Lindsey says: September 10, 2020
  33. Terry says: October 16, 2020
    • Peter says: November 12, 2020
  34. Anna M says: March 2, 2021
    • Peter says: April 7, 2021
    • Peter says: April 7, 2021
    • Peter says: April 13, 2021
  35. Eric Burk says: June 4, 2021
  36. Elizabeth ramsey says: June 4, 2021
    • Peter says: June 19, 2021
  37. Dustin says: July 20, 2021
  38. Heather Cowdrick says: August 1, 2021
    • Peter says: August 6, 2021
    • Marie says: December 13, 2021
    • Marie says: March 12, 2022
    • SDC says: March 14, 2022
  39. Michael Gilbert says: October 6, 2021
  40. Crysta Stiffler says: December 24, 2021
  41. Sandy Bare says: December 29, 2021
  42. Brian Dummitt says: January 19, 2022
    • Lexi A says: April 4, 2023
    • SDC says: April 9, 2023
  43. Jose A Mateo Slivan says: May 2, 2022
  44. jane seamore says: July 24, 2022
    • SDC says: July 24, 2022
  45. Maggie D. says: July 31, 2022
    • SDC says: August 1, 2022
  46. Megan K. Watt says: September 18, 2022
  47. Sandra Tisdale says: September 19, 2022
  48. genna says: March 19, 2023
    • SDC says: March 20, 2023
  49. Dianna Wills says: March 31, 2023
  50. Maura says: May 29, 2023
    • SDC says: May 31, 2023
    • Rachelle Wilson says: May 31, 2023
    • SDC says: June 7, 2023
  51. Barbara Chatfield says: June 3, 2023
  52. Shi Shi says: December 5, 2023
  53. Jayden says: February 13, 2024
  54. April says: February 21, 2024
  55. LaRissa says: April 2, 2024
    • SDC says: April 3, 2024
  56. Amanda Denman says: June 15, 2024
  57. Whatever, Scammers says: August 2, 2024
    • SDC says: August 5, 2024
  58. Brynlee Stanly says: October 22, 2024

Leave a Reply

Latest Posts

Information at this site is provided solely for the user’s information and, while we strive to be accurate, all information is provided strictly “as is” and without warranty of any kind. It is not intended to be used as a substitute for legal counsel from a qualified attorney. ServiceDogCertifications.org, its agents, affiliates, employees or contractors will not be liable to you for any damages, direct or indirect, or lost profits arising out of your use of information provided at this site, or information provided at any other site that can be accessed from this site.